Index for
Chapter 7
Thermodynamics

1. Heat

• heat
• thermal equilibrium
• thermal energy
• conduction
• convection
• Heat ($Q$) measured in J

2. Temperature

• kelvin
• absolute temperature scale
• Temperature ($T$) measured in K
• When a physics equation contains a $T$, use Kelvin.
  When a physics equation contains a $\mathrm{\Delta }T$, you may use either Kelvin or Celsius.

3. Heat Capacity

• heat capacity
• specific heat
• thermal reservoir
• thermal energy
• heat capacity ($C$) measured in J/K
• specific heat ($c$) measured in J/kg/K
• Thermal Energy ($E_{th}$) measured in J
• $C=mc$
• $E_{th}=CT=mcT$

4. Phase Changes

• melting (or freezing) temperature
• boiling temperature
• sublimation temperature
• latent energy
• latent heat
• Latent Energy ($E_L$) measured in J
• Latent Energy per kg ($L$) measured in J/kg
• $E_L=mL$

5. First Law of Thermodynamics

• first law of thermodynamics
• Heat ($Q$) measured in J
• $\mathrm{\Delta }E=W+Q$

6. Perpetual Motion

• perpetual motion machines
• heat engines
• second law of thermodynamics
• perpetual motion machines of the second kind

7. Heat Engines

• heat engine
• efficiency
• Efficiency ($\eta$) no units
• $Q_{in}=W_{out}+Q_{out}$
• $\eta =\frac{W_{out}}{Q_{in}}$

8. Carnot Engines

• carnot engine
• $\eta \le \frac{T_H-T_C}{T_H}$

9. Other Engines

10. Entropy

• entropy
• second law of thermodynamics
• closed system
• Entropy ($S$) measured in J/K
• The entropy of a closed system will never decrease.

11. Entropy and Heat

• $\mathrm{\Delta }S=+\frac{Q}{T}$

12. Heat Pumps

• heat pumps
• refrigerators
• coefficient of performance
• Coefficient of Performance ($COP$) no units
• $COP=\frac{Q_C}{W_{in}}\text{ for cooling}$

13. Assessment Objectives

14. Temperature

15. Heat Capacity

16. Energy Flows

17. Heat Engines

18. Efficiency

19. Maximum Efficiency

20. COP

21. Entropy