\(\def \u#1{\,\mathrm{#1}}\)
\(\def \abs#1{\left|#1\right|}\)
\(\def \ast{*}\)
\(\def \deg{^{\circ}}\)
\(\def \ten#1{\times 10^{#1}}\)
\(\def \redcancel#1{{\color{red}\cancel{#1}}}\)
\(\def \BLUE#1{{\color{blue} #1}}\)
\(\def \RED#1{{\color{red} #1}}\)
\(\def \PURPLE#1{{\color{purple} #1}}\)
\(\def \th#1,#2{#1,\!#2}\)
\(\def \lshift#1#2{\underset{\Leftarrow\atop{#2}}#1}}\)
\(\def \rshift#1#2{\underset{\Rightarrow\atop{#2}}#1}}\)
\(\def \dotspot{{\color{lightgray}{\circ}}}\)
How Things Move
Why Things Move
electric potential energy
Absent any other forces, charges will always spontaneously move in the direction that decreases their potential energy as quickly as possible.
equipotential line
\(PE_T=q_TV\)